The terrain is rocky and can be steep. Over the next sixty years, the Anderson family expanded their holdings to what many may consider the most historically significant land and cattle empire in the Rocky Mountain West. With an eighty-one-year tenure and the Anderson family at the helm for sixty-two of those years, a new owner will acquire this legacy to continue and expand upon. We are targeting mature 300"-350" bulls, and larger bulls may be available in our top areas when conditions are right. Average high temperatures in June, July and August range from 74 to 83 Fahrenheit. Please review our ranchs lead-free policy, learn where to purchase lead-free ammo and reduce lead toxicity in eagles. The Ranch at Dome Mountain is located in HD 313. A group of ranchers bought the right-of-way in 1981 and the Milwaukee Road removed their iconic brick substations, rails and railroad ties. The Agent does not, however, guarantee accuracy and recommends that any Prospective Buyer conduct an independent investigation. Today, these acres are planted with Bozoisky Russian wild rye. That's along the southern border of Galts ranch. The guide will be there to help retrieve and field dress game. The approximate breakdown of the Valley Unit acreage is as follows: The Valley Unit serves as the main Headquarters area for the overall operation of the Ranch. There is a license applicationdeadline of mid-March. The approximate breakdown of the Francis Unit acreage is as follows: This massive 60,000-plus acre contiguous holding boasts timbered hillsides, open mountain meadows and lush riparian threads, and is one of the last large untainted mountain units left in Gallatin County. One of the most historically significant land and cattle empires in the Rocky Mountain West, Climbing Arrow Ranch consists of approximately 79,582 acres, of which about 73,180 are deeded. Weaned steers typically come in around 600 pounds with heifer calves weighing about 525 pounds. The herd of 1,500 head of elk has a ratio of 65 bulls per 100 cows, with a large number of trophy bulls available. Hunters stay on the property in a 5 bedroom, 3 bath lodge. Dome Mountain lodge has operated as the primo hunting lodge in Paradise Valley since 1955. With about 1,228 irrigated acres of hay and crop land, the Valley Unit produces all of the winter forage for the cow herd and pastures the cows during the late-fall and early-winter months. The lodge offers eight rustic cabins, meals provided by our chef, dining room, satellite TV and a beautiful front porch to relax. ); hunting nongame animals (bobcat, coyote, weasel, etc.) Our elk ranch has over 12,000 acres under high fence. Our ranches consist of alfalfa fields, river bottom, pines, quakes, and oak brush. There are approximately 187 sunny days in Gallatin County, MT. Guaranteed Elk Hunting | West Canyon Ranch. The Hudson Unit is located in the USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The primary coordinates for C A Ranch places it within the MT 59752 ZIP Code delivery area.. Maps, Driving Directions & Local Area Information Our mountain ranch property is a dream for the avid sportsman abundant Elk, Mule & Whitetail Deer, Black Bear, Wolf, Mountain Lion & the occasional Moose for your Private hunting pleasure. ***Rates based on a 2x1 hunter to guide ratio for a 1x1 hunt please double the hunt price. $38,514,500. During the term of the Milwaukee Railroads operation, the railroad company constructed the Eagles Nest Tunnel and the trestle that crosses the North Fork of Sixteenmile Creek, made famous in the movie A River Runs Through It. Our professional guides are extremely knowledgeable and work hard to put the hunter in front of a trophy animal. Anyone Big Game Hunting in Montana in this particular area has the potential to harvest up to 5 animals including Rocky Mountain Elk, whitetail deer, mule deer, and Antelope Montana. This is a general tag area which provides for its next owner, as a resident or non-resident, much easier access to bull-elk and buck-deer tags. There are 3 resident elk herds that utilize this Montana ranch property, providing unparalleled elk hunting. The maps are not to scale and are for visual aid only. 2,607 Acres. The depletion of Montana's wildlife, including the noticeable decline of elk herds on the landscape, during the 1800's and early 1900's inspired the beginning of Montana's conservation movement during the first half of the 20th Century. COW ELK HUNTS All Montana residents are eligible to apply for a cow elk hunt. Rifle Elk only hunt: $17,500 - 1x1 Rifle Combo hunt: $21,000 - 1x1. 2022 Big Game Hunting Digest includes: hunt seasons, tag quotas and drawing for deer, elk, pronghorn antelope and bighorn sheep . Hunters can anticapte harvesting bulls 270-300 B&C. Contact our Bozeman Office for a complete list of water rights associated with the Valley Unit. The main working shop and feedlot are situated here. About 185 acres of irrigated pasture ground along the Middle Fork of Sixteenmile Creek provide additional late-fall grazing. One-on-one guide: $1500 extra 3% Administrative Fee: All multi-day trip rates will have an additional 3% administrative fee added per reservation. Sage Peak Outfitters offers exclusive Private Land Elk Hunting, Whitetail Hunting Western Montana, Mule Deer Guided Hunts, and Antelope Montana hunts. Rifle only: $9,750 - 2x1 - Meals & Lodging included. There are approximately 186 sunny days in Madison County, MT. Northwest Montana is where you will find the best Elk Hunting under Big Sky Country. Get a true Montana deer and elk hunting experience in the Bob Marshall Wilderness. The average annual precipitation of rainfall is 15 inches and about 41 inches of snowfall annually. 10-Aug-16. With the coming of the cooler fall breezes and onset of frost, so does the valleys and mountains liven with the shrill shrieking of the wapiti. The Milwaukee Railroad went through a portion of the Francis Unit from 1906 to 1980. All Inclusive - Licenses, Guide Services, Lodging, Meals, Beverages, Field Dress. Wonderful cold-water Native Trout in our stocked lakeUnlimited fishing for either the novice or avid fisherman! "\"(8),1\\\"\\\\91.3;$,em>7i03\\\\\\\\20\\\\09\\\\XE4%02\\\\\\\\36\\\\07\\\\" + Your hunting guide is there to direct you into the company of wildlife to accelerate your Montana hunting experience. Anonymous . There is something truly special about the N Bar Ranch, which lies 10 miles south of Grass Range, Montana. The Francis Unit sits at an elevation ranging from 4,500 feet above sea level to around 7,500 feet. The Primos crew has been Hunting the CA (Climbing Arrow) ranch for years. Within an hour and a half from Bozeman is Yellowstone National Park, which is easily accessible via either the north entrance in Gardiner, or the west entrance in West Yellowstone. Home of the Manhattan Tigers, the town boasts an excellent school system and is the recent recipient of the National Blue-Ribbon Award for excellence in education. "lc}tahce({)}}of(r=i-l;1>i0=i;--{)+ox=c.ahAr(t)i};erutnro s.buts(r,0lo;)f}\\" + Our large area includes the 6,200 acres as well as permitted Forest Service lands in the Custer Gallatin National Forest. One of the most historically significant land and cattle empires in the Rocky Mountain West, Climbing Arrow Ranch consists of approximately 79,582 acres, of which about 73,180 are deeded. Land The Pondera Coulee Creek meanders throughout the ranch providing valuable water for wildlife and livestock. Our Trophy Elk Hunt is a one-on-one guided experience with an expert guide to help locate trophy bulls on the 270,000 acre private ranch. With the home base camp being located 70 miles south of Glasgow in the Larb Hills bordering the Charles M Russell National Wildlife Refuge (CMR) and the Fort Peck Reservoir. Larger bulls have been harvested, Rifle: $10,500 Archery Only - lodging and meals included - 1x1. Beaverhead Ranch is home to 7,000 cow-calf pairs and 15 families who are employed on the ranch. When combined with some of the finest small-stream fishing in Montana, this becomes a singular experience that will define ownership of CA Ranch. The North Fork is the main channel of Sixteenmile Creek, with flows comparable to the East Gallatin River. We provide full meals with every day of your Montana Elk Huntmorning, noon, and night. This is not just hyperbole. Deer can be harvested at no addtional charge. Completely private, the abandoned railbed traverses the dramatic, vertical canyon wall with stunning views of the trout-rich North Fork below. To book a hunt, contact us at 661-663-4210. Climbing Arrow Ranch is the most significant and historic ranch offering in the Rocky Mountain West in todays real estate market. "The staff was fantastic and the food was exceptional but most of all, thank . "\\\\00\\\\04\\\\03\\\\\\\\DGt9\\\\\\\\14\\\\01\\\\00\\\\\\\\1O03\\\\\\\\?11" + The ranch, also known as CA Ranch, consists of five units totaling approximately . This entire Offering is subject to errors, omissions, prior sale, change or withdrawal without notice and approval of purchase by the Sellers. Bozeman is home to Montana State University, Museum of the Rockies, and abundant opportunities for fine dining, entertainment and shopping. The Arrow Ranch is one of the most productive ranches in the Upper Big Hole Valley both recreationally and agriculturally. Thank you for subscribing to the Hunt.TejonRanch.com newsletter. We would be proud to offer you our private land for your next hunting adventure! The Francis Unit is located in the USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. Free Range Cow Elk or High Fence Cow Elk$3,750.00 per hunter2 days/2 night. State: Montana Season: September through November, Archery Elk only hunt: $17,500 - 1x1 . The hunting days are fully booked each year, with repeat clients and cherished referrals. A typical day starts out with a steamy cup of camp coffee and a hot breakfast. WhitetailHillbilly; Jul 7, 2022; Elk; 2 3. It will be an experience you never forget and potentially the chase of a lifetime. As conscientious Elk Hunting Outfitters in Montana, we always follow Montana Elk Hunting Regulations, and each of our Elk Hunting Guides has the proper Elk Hunting License Montana. This is an exclusive big game hunt for rifle hunting enthusiasts who are looking to be the only hunters on 40,000 expansive acres of prime Hunting in . Dome Mountain Ranch offers mature, professional hardworking guides, with nearby historic lodges and cabins to make your experience with us more than a hunt. Give us call for details. Homesteaders add to the rich history of the Ranch and include Harry Wall (Wall Mountain), Charles Schyette (Schyette Canyon), Robert Ballard (Ballard homestead), Tom Tillery (Tillery Mountain and homestead), Jim Murray (Murray Homestead), Hogason Homestead, Quigley stagecoach stop, White Cow Camp and Botham Cow Camp. The working improvements include the historic Francis Barn, corrals, a working shop, horse corrals and shipping corrals. In 1939, the Francis family purchased the Ranch and expanded it to include adjacent land owned by homesteaders, as well as the Valley and the Hudson Unit. This is our premier elk hunting destination. The 15,334 total acres are a mix of native pasture, riparian bottoms and timbered slopes. The select few who have had the opportunity to fish the fabled waters of Sixteenmile Creek speak of it in reverential and hushed tones, knowing that speaking too overtly may break the spell it has cast on anglers for generations. "{vy)x,f(n ioctun\\\"f)\")" ; The wildlife and hunting opportunities on this property, especially for Elk and Mule Deer, are some of the very best in the State of Montana. If youre looking for the rugged backcountry experience, we have our backcountry camp available where you hunt the National Forests and stay in a rugged, wall-tent camp setting. The magnum bulls harvested from the Ranch attract world-class caliber archery hunters. Located about 20 miles south of the Hudson Unit, Ennis is a classic small Montana town that still has agricultural roots, while also being a hotspot for locals and tourists fishing the Madison River. We will provide you with the latest preparation materials and place you in what our experience tells us are the best locationsfrom there the results of your hunt are in your hands. C A Ranch is a cultural feature (locale) in Gallatin County. CA Ranch has an easement through the neighboring Cold Springs Ranch that provides access for agricultural and commercial-hunting purposes. The Francis Unit typically holds about 900 head of elk during the late summer and the early part of archery season. We at Live Water Properties, LLC seek to connect hunting, fly fishing, conservation, farms, plantations, and equine properties for sale with people who value them. Many of those initial clients remain steadfast patrons to this day. Ranch owned by Frank Anderson. Dwane & Patti Kiehl. Contact Us. We accept only 3 hunters per week on this exclusive private ranch hunt. This hunt takes place during Rifle season. Mountain Sky Guest Ranch, Paradise Valley Ranch and West Creek Ranch are all located in HD 314, north of Rock Creek. Our hunters are provided with a cozy, secluded Montana Hunting Cabin, home cooked meals, and personal Elk Hunting Guides. Colusa County, CA. Deer can be harvested at no additional charge. Dec 29, 2022. If you have been dreaming of hunting in the mountains of Montana, come and experience our family run ranch. This might be on foot or on horseback. - We charge $150.00 per day, per person for non-hunting companions. We recommend even tho you may have opportunities at closer range shots be prepared to take longer shots, only to ensure you have the ability to take the bull of your dream! Archery: $12,750 - 1x1Rifle: $12,750 - 1x1. There are approximately 186 sunny days in Madison County, MT. Rifle Elk Hunt at 44 Ranch. Elevations on the ranch range from 5,000 to 7,000 feet. Prime Colusa County Hunting and Winter Grass Ranch. inquire. Native American tipi rings and striking cave petroglyphs near the Francis Unit headquarters are evidence that Sheepeater, Blackfeet and Crow tribes hunted, camped and traveled through this area. Elk season in Montana is like no other hunting experience you have ever been involved in. This is not a guaranteed licenseyou must apply. Our sheep ranch, however, covers more than 450,000 acres of forest, BLM, state land and private land. Book here Flatwillow Creek Outfitters, LLC. This mountain ranch property is a true hunters paradise for Archery & Rifle hunters - resident Elk herds (can range anywhere from 70 - 200+ animals) , Mule & Whitetail Deer, Black Bear, Wolf, Mountain Lion & the occasional Moose for your own private hunt. 4064295601 kiehl@midrivers.com. In 1959, Buck received a call from the real estate broker he had asked to explore the Rocky Mountains for a suitable ranch property for his family. In addition, there are 4,000 elk, 800 antelope, and 1,500 mule deer on the property for rotational grazing. This scenic and adrenaline-filled adventure is a bucket list trip that every angler or outdoor enthusiast needs to experience. Teeming with wildlife, the average square mile of land in Montana contains 1.4 elk, 1.4 pronghorn, and 3.3 deer. Winter average minimum temperatures are typically between 8 and 12. We expect hunters to kill white-tailed deer in the 125-160 gross B&C.This is primarily a deer hunt with the opportunity to harvest a bull or cow elk at no additional charge. The family has also added a permitted ranch feedlot, an NHTC program, a guided hunting operation, and five center pivots to maximize hay production. The hunting and wildlife viewing opportunities are second to none with elk, deer, moose, bear and most other alpine animals on or near the ranch. The Sellers make no representation as to the quantity or quality of any mineral or other subsurface rights appurtenant to the Ranch. The terrain on this 5,000 ac ranch varies from foothill country with sagebrush, junipers, and big timbered draws to steep and rugged country with dark pockets of timber. Lodge is offered yearly based around Montana hunting seasons for elk and mule Deer. The ranch contains 115,000 deeded acres located in the southwest portion of the state. You will enjoy the vast amount of private land elk country the ranch has offer throughout the week. $2,950,000. The water of Sixteenmile Creek is as approachable, fishable and wadable as it is special and private. La Panza Unit Draw Tag Package: $10,000 and Up. Both Montana residents and non-residents must apply for a tag for bull elk. There are defined riffles, pools, boulder-filled runs and undercut banks that hold aggressively-feeding trout. $ 1k. In December, January and February average high temperatures are between 30 and 34. Summer average minimum temperatures range from 44 to 50. This winter grazing Unit consists of a large plateau stretching between Red Mountain on the eastern edge and almost to Willow Creek Reservoir on the western edge. Combine this with the high success rate for hunters, 17.4 success rate as reported by FWP, and it is easy to see why hunting in Montana is so desirable- there are over 132 outfitters in the state with many offering hunting trips. I have swam in the Great Barrier Reef, and gone down the canals of Florence, and nothing pumped my adrenaline more than taking a shot at a bull from 40 yards away on Dome Mountain. Rated 4.86 out of 5. Although several buildings are not used, most of the buildings that are used regularly are in good repair. O. Montana FWP should improve elk . Manhattan has a complement of basic amenities including small shops, grocery, churches, community banks, post office, medical and dental services, automotive repair, restaurants and cafs, and a fitness center. Access is also available from the south via Montana Highway 84 to the Blacks Ford Fishing Access Site, from where you drive north on Madison Road approximately 13 miles. Come enjoy a true Guided Colorado Elk Hunt with Silver Spur Outfitters on quality private land. At S&W Outfitters, Inc. we choose to offer you the best we can. Similar to the Hudson Unit, the average annual precipitation of rainfall is 14 inches with the majority falling May to September, and about 45 inches of snowfall annually. This area of Montana has received significant development pressure in the past few decades and subsequently many similar parcels have been placed under conservation easements from notable organizations. A complete inventory of cattle and equipment is available through our Bozeman Office. In addition, this caliber offers a wide selection of bullets and guns to choose from. Bring your horses, mountain bikes, UTVs or hiking shoes for your Montana Summer Adventure, or bring your Winter gear snow mobiles, snow shoes & cross-country skis for your Ultimate Winter Experience! The Headquarters of the Francis Unit is comprised of several modest homes, a cook house, a guest house for hunters and an owners home. Dude Ranches and Guest Ranches are found all over the USA, Canada and Mexico for great family vacations. Our staff is here to assist you in this process at any time! Devoted anglers will appreciate that the Valley Unit borders the famed lower section of the Madison River for nearly three and a half miles, and the Gallatin, Jefferson and Missouri Rivers are only minutes from the Valley Unit. While Hunting in Montana, you might leave on foot, 44, vehicle or a combination thereof. When you choose to hunt with Sage Peak Outfitters, you become part of the family. Winter low temperatures average between 12 and 17. Note that some elk hunting trips are self-guided, where the outfitter only takes you out in the wilderness, sets camp, etc., while other offers do not include the tag. Nearest Town, Grass Range, Montana . Professional Big Game Hunts. Due to the hunting ranchs terrain, the location of the Montana Hunting Cabins, and the use of 44 vehicles to easily access hunting areas, Private Land Elk Hunting is possible for any hunting enthusiast. GOT HUNTS & GEAR MEMBERSHIP. The northern and western portions of the Ranch vary around 5,000 feet above sea level. 14,982 Acres. Rifle: $7,500 - lodging and meals available - 2x1. All Rights Reserved. Our ranch property is great for winter activities such as snowmobiling, cross-country skiing and snow shoeing. There will be a professional licensed guide provided for every 2 hunters while we hunt with the use of horses and mules which will allow you access that a 4 wheeler or pickup cannot get to. Due to the surrounding mountains, massive acreage and diverse terrain, along with the variations in elevation, there are many microclimates within the confines of the Francis Unit. A breakdown of the individual Units taxes is approximately as follows: The Sellers will convey with the Ranch 100% of whatever mineral, oil, gas, geothermal, hydro-carbon and gravel rights they actually own, subject to reservations by previous owners. The N Bar Ranch is made up of several sections. All though they frequent different areas of the ranch and neighboring ranches we have lots to choose from. Rifle Elk Hunt Pricing. Perhaps only once in a decade, the market sees a truly authentic legacy-ranch offering. Our Hunters have the opportunity to hunt on 7000 acres of prime private land ranches located in the heart of Northwest Colorado. The Nixon Gulch Road also comes in from the east to the Unit. Archery Elk Hunt Pricing. Summer average minimum temperatures range from 40 to 45. "\\\\qUvxtlwz\\\"\\\\f(;} ornture;}))++(y)^(iAtdeCoarchx.e(odrChamCro.fngriS" + District regulations, quotas, etc., change from year to year and are published on the MT Fish, Wildlife, & Parks website. In addition, five major spring-restoration and development projects have been completed to expand the livestock-watering system. Their address is PO Box 200701, Helena, MT 59620-0701. If your dream is to hunt Colorado high country, you have found your dream area. Our success rate has . 406-585-9051 The lower end of the bulls on this high fence elk hunt property start at about 330 and go up to over 500 and bigger bulls can be arranged. Francis Unit is positioned at the north end of the Bridger Mountain Range with Blacktail Mountain and Hatfield Mountain directly to the south. The wettest month of the year is typically June, followed by May. Charles Anceney of Gallatin County designed and recorded the first version of the CA brand in 1874. Black bearlicenses are available for purchase online here. MT#176 WY# BG-271 Calving typically begins in late March, with pairs trailed to the summer grazing pastures of the Francis Unit around Memorial Day. The railroad bed was raised substantially, tunnels were blasted through rock, and rails were laid. The ranches are located south of Livingston, MT in the Paradise Valley. The stock will allow us to get to most areas but you will need to be prepared and in good physical shape to be able to put the final sneak on that big bull, we cannot guarantee you an elk which is one of the hardest animals in the world to hunt but we can give you the best possible chance to harvest on a Montana Private land Elk Hunt and will put forth 100% effort to get you on to the Elk! The terrain is typified by river bottoms, cottonwood and willows with limited agriculture. 3 Water wells with solar power. Bozeman, MT 59718 SAVE $$$ ON YOUR HUNTING GEAR! This is our premier elk hunting destination. Three Forks, which lies about 16 miles north of the Hudson Unit and about 14 miles northwest of the Valley Unit, has grown significantly in the last several years and has a population of approximately 2,073 residents. Most of the rainbows and browns will be in the 12- to 18-inch range, but this Missouri River tributary produces monsters which easily exceed the magical 20-inch benchmark. This is a great camp with full amenities including phone and WiFi. Highway 20 Ranch. The herd spends the summer months in the high-mountain pastures before weaning in October, when the calves are shipped back to the feedlot at the Valley Unit. The area looks much like it did in 1905, with wood pilings from the Jawbone still evident in the stream. Our median elevation is 8700 feet and go up to 10,000 feet. As a result, animals harvested tend to be mature, trophy big game animals. Nearby cattle on this Montana ranch for sale, Beautiful Montana land for sale listed by Swan Land Company, A real cattle drive on spectaular Montana land for sale, Birds eye view of this large Montana ranch for sale, Secnic Montana ranch for sale near Bozeman. . . Musher training courses stay at our warm yet spacious lodge giving you ability to train your sled dogs on special, groomed courses right on our ranch terrain. Elk Hunters arrive on a Friday and depart on the following Thursday. $ 9.5k. For a complete inventory and description of the improvements, please contact our Bozeman Office. These are high end specialized trophy hunts on some of our premier eastern Montana ranches. Ennis has ample services including restaurants, bars, shopping, groceries, banking and the recently updated Madison Valley Medical Center. This is a well-maintained county gravel road that serves the historic railroad town of Maudlow. Located in the Garnet Mountains, our working Montana cattle ranch boasts over 12,000 private acres for your outdoor recreation adventure! For rifle, both Montana residents and non-residents with 0 pts have a 0.09% chance of drawing a tag. " r,i=o\\\"\\\"o,=l.xelgnhtl,o=;lhwli(e.xhcraoCedtAl(1/)3=!29{)rt{y+xx=l;=+;" + This clean mountain stream and its tributaries offer up reliable mayfly, caddis and stonefly hatches through the spring and summer, which transition into excellent late-summer and fall terrestrial action with grasshoppers and ants. Any endorsements requested by the Buyer or any lender will be at Buyers expense. There are likely substantial tax benefits, should the new owner choose to place part or all of the Ranch under conservation. - We provide round-trip airport transportation for $250.00. Hooker Mountain Outfitters offers its clients semi-guided and guided elk hunting in Colorado. Water sources are from springs and dirt stock tanks. Book your 6 night stay, 5 day hunt for your private Montana Hunting Adventure. Additionally, it was built on the canyon floor next to Sixteenmile Creek, resulting in frequent flooding and difficult snow removal. Hammer 'Em Outfitters is home to archery and rifle big game hunting opportunities. Hot, hardy, home-cooked meals are prepared for you in your Montana Hunting Cabin; just because youre hunting doesnt mean you go hungry! Known as the land of 10,000 haystacks, the Big Hole Valley is quietly famous for its quality grasslands, incredible scenery, open spaces, and western charm. [CDATA[ Applications are due May 15. For those hunters that are fortunate enough to draw Tule elk tags for the La Panza unit in California we offer private land access and fully guided and outfitted hunts. CA Ranch has a long, storied history of agricultural production, with a cow herd of nearly 2,000 commercial Black Angus cattle and productive irrigated hay . The pristine trout waters of the North Fork, Middle Fork and the main channel of Sixteenmile Creek serpentine through the Francis Unit for over 17 miles, and nearly 3.5 miles of the acclaimed Madison River form the western edge of the Valley Unit, creating a private fishing experience like no other in Montana. Our hunters enjoy camaraderie while sitting around the evening campfire at the Montana Hunting Cabin and reminiscing about fun and successful Montana Elk Hunting Trips. Western Kentucky Trophy Whitetails - Worldwide Trophy Adventures Hunting on Dome Mountain was the single greatest experience of my life. In fact, the.30-06 Springfield promises an accurate shot up to 1,000 yards away. "t+=;o27=1y%+;y+8)<1(iif){++;i

ca ranch montana elk hunting 2023