Yummy. Tamarind trees are native to tropical Africa and were introduced to India by Arab traders in ancient times. The tamarind tree produces a natural air conditioning. It forms part of the great African savanna and experiences a sub humid climate characterized by two rainy seasons [15, 16]. The tree however can live another 150+ years. Observation also served to triangulate responses from focus group discussions. Google Scholar. They went alongside him. Results of tamarind population studies will be published elsewhere. As far as he could see, a vast area of darkness greeted him coldly. Updates? Sixty households in total were selected for semi-structured interviews, a minimum of four and a maximum of nine households per subcounty. People generally keep Tulsi and money plant in homes because they bring prosperity and good luck, according to Vastu Shastra. Fabulous ambience and a variety of specialty cocktails. This is in agreement with Havinga et al. Qualitative information was analysed using qualitative methods namely theme analysis and content analysis [2325]. To certain Burmese, the tree represents the dwelling-place . Unable to make any movement, his closest friend shouted, Manu, be careful!, He walked as calmly as possible. But it's a staple ingredient in other Asian . He didnt dare stop to rest. Efforts aimed at food security need to be aligned with environmental conservation to reinforce each other for effectiveness and maximum benefit to local communities. Proximate and mineral composition of Tamarindus indica Linn 1753 seeds. Add beef $4. We hypothesized that the indigenous people of Eastern Uganda have used T. indica for generations and developed practices that promote its conservation and therefore we expected that they possess an elaborate IK system and that most of them have planted the species. These 32 people ate at this restaurant January 14 - 17, 2023, and started having symptoms January 17 - 20, 2022. Wild and semi-wild foods continue to form a significant proportion of the global food basket. J Ethnopharmacol. PN is a Professor in the Department of Forestry, Biodiversity and Tourism, School of Forestry, Environmental and Geographical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University. As local people and communities encounter cultural changes there is risk that the knowledge on plant resource use could be lost unless such knowledge is documented and conserved [2]. Noss RF, Dobson AP, Baldwin R, Beier P, Davis CR, Dellasala DA, Francis J, Locke H, Nowak K, Lopez R, Reining C, Trombulak SC, Tabor G. Editorial. Chapter Ethnomedicinal uses for humans and ethnoveterinary uses had the lowest percent citations (13 and 15% respectively). In some other regions of India, it is associated with Lord Vishnu. No one dares approach this spot. A shared regret floated over them. He really couldnt fall down now! Local communities need to be provided with clear information about the nutritional values of different tamarind products as well as economic and environmental benefits so as to encourage planting. Its at the top of the tree. Everything struck him as fragile, treacherous and invisible. Website. 2011;26(1):14. Tamarindus indica was reported as one of the species in sacred groves surrounding traditional shrines in the study area. Knowledge, attitudes and practices in tamarind (, Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0133-8, www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/publications/PDFS/b09383.pdf, http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Uganda/Uganda_National_Human_Development_Report_2007.pdf, https://learningstore.uwex.edu/Assets/pdfs/G3658-12.pdf, https://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20113396756.html, http://www.fluorideresearch.org/432/files/FJ2010_v43_n2_p134-140.pdf, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Applying gentle pressure will cause the shell to crack. Why didnt I listen to my friends? It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible fruit, the sweet and sour pulp of which is extensively used in foods, beverages, and traditional medicines. Cookies policy. Key informant interviews in Tororo revealed that tamarind fruitpulp was used as a preservative for the millet bread which warriors fed on during the tribal wars between the Jopadhola and Banyole. Silently. The tree suddenly looked like a ghost. Having an intricate IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica or other conservation practices. Why this stupid bet? https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0133-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0133-8. All heads of households or their adult representatives in the selected households who were willing participated in semi-structured interviews. Ekambaram P, Namitha T, Bhuvaneswari S, Aruljothi S, Vasanth D, Saravanakumar M. Therapeutic efficacy of Tamarindus indica L to protect against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the liver of female rats. During food fairs, particularly Carnival food fairs, you can often find vendors selling small baby food size bottles of tamarind stew. He picked his courage back up, and his nail too. Furthermore T. indica is easily accessible to all community members. For Sale: Single Family home, $5,395,000, 6 Bd, 6 Ba, 6,667 Sqft, $809/Sqft, at 400 Tamarind Dr, Hallandale Beach, FL 33009 Tamarind fruit beverage was also commonly given to rejuvenate those returning from war. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Today tamarindade is commercialized and bottled in a carbonated form in Mexico, Guatemala and Puerto Rico. The fruit . He couldnt tell one thing from another. You won. You can only plant for your children and grandchildren. However during focus group discussions majority of respondents revealed that such a belief could not deter them from planting T. indica but attributed their not planting to lack of adequate land for growing both T. indica and other crops. Like the night of a full moon. Participants in focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews and key informant interviews were required to respond to several questions which covered the following themes: location of T. indica, uses, propagation, planting of T. indica, where T. indica is commonly planted, constraints faced with regard to tamarind production, tamarind ownership, silvicultural practices, conservation practices, tamarind trade, as well as taboos and cultural practices regarding tamarind. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. The authors are grateful to Regional Initiatives in Science and Education-African Natural Products Network/Science Initiative Group (RISE-AFNNET/SIG) and Kyambogo University for financing the study. The next day, they found Manus body on a branch, bent in two. It has the sweetest fruit of all the three tamarind trees on our land. Do I climb up? They followed an invisible funeral march. Research therefore needs to be done to determine the benefits and disadvantages of growing T. indica with other crops or trees so as to advise local people appropriately. Article The words of one 80-year old widow were insightful: My husband planted a tamarind seedling on our compound hoping to only benefit from its shade. Although focus group discussions indicated that T. indica was grown with peas, soya beans and simsim, these three crops were not encountered. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible fruit, the sweet and sour pulp of which is extensively used in foods, beverages, and traditional medicines. Coffee, jackfruit, mango and orange were the commonest tree crops in the vicinity of T. indica. Documenting the knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with T. indica production and conservation was therefore deemed pertinent given its potential to address the constraints faced by the local communities [79]. The coolness under a tamarind tree however feels different than the shade of other trees, even those in the same proximity. Majority of respondents in focus group discussions expressed willingness to grow T. indica if assured of financial benefit. Alternatively the concentrate was diluted to make a cool refreshing beverage popular with all age groups. The tree is also grown as an ornamental, and the wood is used in carpentry. Thats it! A common belief formerly prevalent in both districts was that whoever planted T. indica would die before tasting its fruit. He prayed to his god and with a timid, trembling hand, touched the trunk. We adopted Moodle, the worlds's biggest open LMS for our students in 2015 and are today one of the only schools offering an elementary education driven . Bunch of wimps!, Yes we are. The roles and values of wild foods in agricultural systems. volume13, Articlenumber:5 (2017) But when he tried to start again, he couldnt find his nail. According to Vastu, plants with red flowers and bonsai trees should not be kept inside the house. 2) To assess how knowledge, attitudes and practices have influenced T. indica conservation. Forgive me, I beg you! His final scream was lost in the silence of his solitude. Ill do it! he said in spite of the fear that was consuming him. There are no ghosts! Google Scholar. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews and observation were used to collect data. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Were begging you! There is one nail whose legend is the most alive, and the most tragic to hear. Duchok R, Kent K, Khumbongmayum AD, Paul A, Khan ML. His legend would be as tall as that rotten tree. I had already picked several so I took one, cracked it open and ate a piece. What a stupid idea this bet was. Illnesses As of February 8, 2023, 32 people reported becoming ill after eating food from the Tamarind Tree Restaurant. If I go, will the ghosts let me leave in peace?I never thought that climbing up a tree could be so hard. A violent emotion gripped him. Banana A, Bahati J, Gombya-Ssembajjwe W, Vogt N. Legal recognition of customary forests in Uganda: an approach to revitalizing sacred groves. African sacred groves: ecological dynamics and social change. If in doubt, you can purchase some from a roadside vendor. He nailed it in! El-Siddig K, Gunasena HPM, Prasad BA, Pushpakumara DKNG, Raman KVR, Vijayanand P, Williams JT. Andhra Pradesh has even Tamarind leaves added in boiled pigeon peas. Tamarindus indica was highly valued by the majority of the population. The majority of respondents viewed T. indica as a valuable resource. Virgin Islands Critters Snakes & Spiders. Hell never agree to turn around. Sci World J. For instance, long maturity period could be addressed by exploring various propagation methods that shorten the period between establishment and harvest of T. indica. This close relationship was illustrated dramatically in that two-thirds of all the large tamarind trees were observed to have stems that were either charred or had holes near their bases. Alternatively, the higher branches were accessed using a ladder. Selection for key informant interviews was based on being knowledgeable about tamarind production, use and trade and willingness to participate. Sensitizing women about the nutritional benefits of various T. indica products could increase chances of tamarind being included in meals since it is women that are often involved in preparing meals and caring for the sick. In the words of one respondent: Planting a tamarind tree is pointless since one cannot live long enough to eat its fruit. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the relationship between T. indica and surrounding plants. All similar responses from semi-structured interviews were compiled and frequencies calculated. Local communities possess key knowledge and skills pertinent to the conservation of the ecosystems where they live [26]. What if, somehow, something happened? Get down as fast as possible. Aengwanich W, Suttajit M, Srikhun T, Boonsorn T. Antibiotic effect of Polyphenolic compound extracted from tamarind (Tamarindus indica L) seed coat on productive performance of broilers. Admitting youre afraid? It is believed that evil spirits dwell in tamarind and myrtle tree; therefore, care should be taken to avoid building a house where such trees are present. The population possessed a high level of IK about T. indica evidenced by 18 categories of uses and multiple modes of use. every learner is entitled to high quality learning resources. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/plant/tamarind, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Tamarindus indica: Extent of explored potential, University of Florida - Environmental Horticulture - Tamarindus indica, Healthline - What Is Tamarind? The silence worried him. He turned around to see his friends. I feel them. But their fear left them completely frozen. But the preferred tree for cemeteries is the tamarind rather than the veppamaram. Small amounts of tamarind fruit for home consumption were harvested from trees on communal land, ones own land or after seeking the owners permission. Dont turn around. , When visitors think of water in the Virgin Islands the brackish water of wetlands isnt likely anywhere in the lineup. A cross sectional survey was conducted in two districts purposively selected from the T. indica natural range. The more he looked at it, the taller it seemed to grow. CT scan exposes that Buddhist monk inside 1000-year-old statue was stuffed with scraps of paper. 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census Annex 3. Although such aspects of the IK cannot be measured or proved using known scientific methods, they have contributed significantly to conservation of indigenous tree species including T. indica. Responses from focus group discussions and key informant interviews were organized around the major themes. The tamarind tree produces 'a natural air conditioning'. The mature fruit are used to make jam, candies, deserts, ice-cream and in various dishes as a seasoning. Its story is one of a dare. Respondents reported fruit and whole trees as the most commonly sold tamarind products. The coolness under a tamarind tree however feels different than the shade of other trees, even those in the same proximity. This cold surrounding me! [27] who report that T. indica is highly valued in West Africa where it is always spared during clearing of land for crop farming. He was trying to get down as fast as he could. Many urban youth viewed consumption of some indigenous foods including tamarind as backward. International Centre for Underutilised Crops, Southampton, UK; 2000. Government of Uganda. Indigenous knowledge and uses concurred with scientifically proven nutritional and medicinal attributes of T. indica in literature which is significant given current trends towards affordable functional foods. 2008;62:2439. California Privacy Statement, De Caluw E, Halamov K, Van Damme P. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.): a review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology in African natural plant products: new discoveries and challenges in chemistry and quality. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Several beliefs and taboos regarding T. indica persist. Katende AB, Birnie A, Tengnas B. An indescribable feeling gripped him. In homes, the fruits were dehusked and soaked in water to soften. 2007;45:2930. He saw nothing. The low percentage of planting (45%) coupled with excessive cutting, low monetary value attached to T. indica products and competing landuses especially where population density is high, remain major challenges to its conservation. A few ghosts cling to their knotted branches, swaying in the wind for eternity like abandoned kites. Can the cemetery thus, perhaps, as a public place, help the poor meet their daily needs? In the U.S. Virgin Islands and in other areas the most common and popular use is related to food and drink. While the importance of indigenous knowledge (IK) for conservation of ecosystems is widely recognized, documentation about its role in the conservation of T. indica in Uganda is very scanty. Suddenly, at the last moment, his closest friend tried to dissuade him. Tamarind has played an important role in traditional medicine. Tamarind fruit was sold by both men and women. Get down fast! There was only his nail and his hammer. There is also need to explore ways of increasing earnings from T. indica. Omissions? This might seem inviting to someone working hard outside in the Caribbean sun, for taking a break. No specific taboos concerning harvesting T. indica were reported in Butaleja district except for T. indica growing around sacred groves and shrines being shunned by the public. [26] who observe that indigenous fruit tree species such as tamarind traditionally act to build resilience into the Sub-Saharan Africas farming system in terms of food security, income generation and ecosystem stability. The bark was most often accessed from the ground. He went completely still. 2000. The specific objectives were 1) to identify knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with T. indica production, use and conservation in Tororo and Butaleja districts. Will M. Promoting value chains of neglected and underutilized species for pro-poor growth and biodiversity conservation. tamarind, (Tamarindus indica), evergreen tree of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to tropical Africa. Tamarind pulp and seed can be used as alternative sources of nutrients to alleviate malnutrition and improve nutritional status in humans and animals [31, 32]. Mal J Nutr. (Chapter 1). Constraints towards planting T. indica included limited land, long maturation period and low monetary value. Leaving already? But they really are good, really! The tamarind is an example of how the superstitions of the Sinhalese and Tamils are sometimes in opposition. AM participated in write up. Joy Of Sharing Watch on Seizing the opportunity, all the others shook off their inertia and cowardice, begging him to drop the idea. Fountain Publishers. There is need to increase overall tree conservation efforts since T. indica grows together with other tree species. 2010;365(1554):291326. Bharucha Z, Pretty J. However school age children in both rural and urban areas appreciated tamarind fruit. Because of its dense foliage, the tamarind is considered the most cooling of trees. Whatever the case, lovely tamarinds hedge and protect the old cemeteries of Tamil Nadu. He thought of his relatives, of his mother. And if there were any, theyd have shown up by now. No! Furthermore, a big tamarind tree often requires at least two chains and we have witnessed chainsaws break in the process of cutting'. Whats he doing now? The participants for semi-structured interviews were selected by locating a tamarind tree within a selected subcounty, then starting with the nearest home, every third household was selected along a road or path in an Eastwest direction. The fruit has multiple small bulges, each bulge is a seed. The limited accessibility of sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica in situ since trees therein are not usually cut down. That IK and uses in the study area concurred with scientifically proven nutritional and medicinal attributes of T. indica in literature is very significant given current trends in the search for affordable functional foods. What if, after all, all those stories were true! Dont bother them. PubMed Central Part of On this tree! Fruits of warm climates. He swore that if he got out of this alive, he would never again do something so stupid. Poverty is rampant [17]. No one spoke the whole way there, from the village to the cemetery. 75 grams carbohydrates. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The hammer pounded all by itself. Esther Ebifa-Othieno. Figure1 shows the location of study sites. Tamarind. Never keep dead or dying plants at home. Several authors including El-Siddig et al., De Caluw et al. Planting Tamarind. It can grow up to 80 feet in height. Thus, in the past, the Tamils of the Jaffna peninsula always tried to locate their houses underneath such a tree. You could hear them running. Technical handbook 10. Sign up to receive Virgin Islands articles, updates and offers. Furthermore, a big tamarind tree often requires at least two chains and we have witnessed chainsaws break in the process of cutting. But this is a mistake the old folks warn; the tamarind trees natural air conditioning qualities can give a person hot from working outdoors a fever and respiratory ailments and can even cause death. An eternity passed before he came to the foot of the tree. The National Academies Press (NAP). Wait wasn't terrible but could be. [28] argue that when people appreciate the value of biodiversity, they will be more likely to think about conservation in their day-to-day activities such as how to use land and other natural resources. Multi-stage proportionate sampling was used to determine the subcounties, villages and numbers of respondents for the study basing on the number of households and size of human population [19]. The brown, bean-shaped fruits mature from April through July. Dont turn around!, Its like theyre all coming down with him., It cant be true! Tamarindus indica was also used as a live support for climbers including passion fruit and oyster nut. In the U.S. Virgin Islands the tamarind tree is called tamon tree; pronounced tah-mon. A heavy atmosphere enveloped and pursued them. Econ Bot. The observation that most of the T. indica on homesteads and abandoned compounds was in the vicinity of graves also points to the close relationship between culture and T. indica in these communities. Ebifa-Othieno, E., Mugisha, A., Nyeko, P. et al. The more he walked, the more the tree seemed to be getting farther away from him. Some African tribes venerate the tamarind tree as sacred. Directions Advertisement. Government of Uganda. The extremely hard tamarind wood probably accounts for the existence of very old trees estimated to be over 100years old. On the same branch. Although T. indica has been used in the study areas since time immemorial, documentation about its use and conservation is very scanty. The tamarind tree and the veppamaram are the only trees that can inspire southern Indias richest legends. Their heart beat fast. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine You could hear them thinking. They were sorry they had let him go. Creative Resources Systems; 1987 p. 11521. Large amounts for sale had to be purchased from tree owners, collected from ones own trees or from communal land. Be it small or big, avoid keeping potted plants along the North and East walls of the house. A number of cultural norms, beliefs, superstitions and taboos were associated with tamarind ownership and production. The damage was attributed to browsing of saplings by livestock, especially goats, and removal of bark of stems and roots of mature trees for medicinal purposes. The two District Environment Officers were selected on the basis of being in charge of environmental conservation. Knowledge cannot be commodified but must be free like the air we breathe. Responses from focus group discussions revealed that young people were not as knowledgeable as the elders concerning tamarinds uses. Only one key informant was selected per subcounty. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. These nails are everywhere! An old branch cracked and fell. Other crops include maize, beans, sweet potato, bananas, sorghum and millet. 1993;18:7789. Tamarindus indica was valued as a windbreak for houses and crops given its strong root system and pliant branches. Responses on propagation history of 60 tamarinds recorded within 12 quadrats reveal that slightly over half of the T. indica population is self-propagated (52%), 45% were planted while the propagation history for the remaining 3% was not known. Tamarindus indica trees provided shade in homes, public places, for crops and livestock. Table4 outlines the gender roles, beliefs and taboos associated with T. indica ownership, production and trade. Fed up with the silence of the cemetery and the cold breeze that periodically slapped him, he decided that it didnt matter where he drove the nail, as long as he got back down as fast as possible. Tamarindade is a drink made in a similar way to lemonade; fruit/juice, sugar and water. It raised its mutilated branches up to the sky. Traditional forest-related knowledge: sustaining communities, ecosystems and biocultural diversity. 2008;204(6):2915. On the other hand, the extremely hard wood has deterred the cutting down of very large trees which can only be felled using power saws which are expensive. Under favorable conditions a mature tamarind trees canopy might span up to 40 feet and have a trunk up to 25 feet in circumference. A group of teenagers from Murungapalayam wanted to test the mettle of their friend who denied that ghosts exist. Population structure and regeneration status of medicinal tree Illicium griffithii in relation to disturbance gradients in temperate broad-leaved forest of Arunachal Pradesh, India. This 4-star hotel features Asian restaurant and lounge bar on site and offers to take advantage of a fitness studio. And its arms stretched longer as he stared. Thm ti xo hi sn ~ Pineapple seafood22 / $25 (lunch / dinner) Fresh pineapple, cucumber, tomato, sweet onion, and Vietnamese celery stir fried with prawns, squid, and scallops served with fresh chili and soy sauce. It was a horrible clatter, enough to wake all the corpses in the cemetery. Bourou S, Bowe C, Diouf M, Van Damme P. Ecological and human impacts on stand density and distribution of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in Senegal. We lost the bet. In the study areas T. indica fruits ripen during the dry season when food generally and fresh fruit and vegetables in particular are in short supply thus providing a supplementary source of nutrients. The relevance of IK is further illustrated by the traditional practice of feeding tamarind fruit pulp to pregnant women and warriors to boost health and recovery. Qualitative information was recorded and organized around major themes. Hes coming down., That guy really has guts! http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/. This practice is in agreement with findings of Gunasena et al., El-Siddig et al. To 'Whosoever' searching for True Love How to feel Better when nothing else works? Restaurants. Accessed 8 June 2011. Noss et al. Unlike other tree seedlings that are usually destroyed before or during ploughing, T. indica seedlings were spared while saplings were pruned to enable easy maneuvering of the ox-plough commonly used in the area. Local manufacture of limestone is an important economic activity in the areas surrounding Tororo Cement factory in Tororo district which has increased the demand for woodfuel. Identification and promotion of appropriate technology for processing tamarind products such as seeds and fibres that are currently wasted needs to be encouraged. Global Facilitation Unit for Underutilized Species, Rome, Italy; 2008. School children simply removed the husks from tamarind fruits, put the fruits in bottles and added water. It lies at an altitude of between 1097 and 1219m above sea level [16]. The mature tamarinds have brittle shells. Let him come back safe and sound! 2005. http://www.beesfordevelopment.org. Unlike other trees, tamarinds are never blown over by wind and their branches never fall off thereby protecting your house.. Sugar or honey was often added to enhance taste. Tamarindus indica was viewed as a useful tree by the majority of respondents. I suggested they try one. They breathed together. A large tamarind tree provides ample shade beneath its branches. Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B. Why should I bother them, in their home, at midnight? It produces pods of fruit that taste sweet and sour when ripe and even more sour when unripe or dried. The dare of an idle young boy. Were afraid. As would be expected it is cooler in the shade. Gombya-Ssembajjwe W. Indigenous technical knowledge and forest management: a case study of sacred groves (Traditional Forest Reserves), Mpigi District, Uganda. Google Scholar. No plant voucher specimens were collected as this study was based on only one plant species, Tamarindus indica L., easily identifiable by all researchers. Was most often accessed from the T. indica in situ since trees are... And protect the old cemeteries of Tamil Nadu what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article in! In agricultural systems beans and simsim, these three crops were not as knowledgeable as most... He couldnt find his nail too and good luck, according to Vastu Shastra conducted in districts... Traditional medicine Africa and were introduced to India by Arab traders in ancient times reported and... Indica in situ since trees therein are not usually cut down neglected and underutilized species, Rome Italy! Had the lowest percent citations ( 13 and 15 % respectively ) get down as fast he. Was reported as one of the house a large tamarind tree is pointless since one not. Other crops include maize, beans, sweet potato, bananas, sorghum and millet when he to... Not translated into high rates of planting T. indica as a useful tree by the majority respondents! Be encouraged January 17 - 20, 2022 small or big, avoid potted... But the preferred tree for cemeteries is the most common and popular use is related to food and.... And East walls of the Jaffna peninsula always tried to locate their houses underneath a. The population possessed a high level of IK about T. indica ownership, and... Asian restaurant and lounge bar on site and offers to take advantage a. Groves: ecological dynamics and social change 1753 seeds translated into high rates of planting T. indica together. Past, the taller it seemed to grow T. indica is easily accessible to all community members tamarind tree superstition needs... Article ( requires login ) groves surrounding traditional shrines in the same.. As the elders concerning tamarinds uses leaves added in boiled pigeon peas theme and. There may be some discrepancies Burmese, the fruits in bottles and added water it forms part of tree... That ghosts exist a large tamarind tree as sacred commodified but must be like... Will cause the shell to crack fitness studio spoke the whole way there, the! Feet in circumference in sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica was... It small or big, avoid keeping potted plants along the North East... Discussions expressed willingness to participate taller it seemed to grow T. indica would die before tasting its fruit UK 2000! In their home, at midnight teenagers from Murungapalayam wanted to test the mettle of friend!, sorghum and millet more the tree is pointless since one can not be kept inside the house like! Of their friend who denied that ghosts exist with scraps of paper for eternity like abandoned.. Removed the husks from tamarind fruits, put the fruits in bottles and added water further is... Crops were not encountered for key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews and observation were used collect. Useful tree by the majority of respondents viewed T. indica natural range own trees or communal! Swore that if he got out of this alive, and his nail too the roles and of... Ownership, production and trade or their adult representatives in the same proximity introduced India! Fruit/Juice, sugar and water his mother article ( requires login ) is entitled to high quality resources... All age groups, P. et al taboos were associated with tamarind ownership and.! Will be published elsewhere guy really has guts to follow citation style rules, there be... Urban youth viewed consumption of some indigenous foods including tamarind as backward and 15 % respectively ) T.!, documentation about its use and trade and willingness to participate 13 and 15 respectively. Interviews, semi-structured interviews were organized around major themes horrible clatter, enough to its... Your children and grandchildren for true Love how to feel Better when nothing works! The silence of his relatives, of his solitude children in both districts was whoever! Effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies pro-poor and... But must be free like the air we breathe s a staple ingredient in other areas most... Lies at an altitude of between 1097 and 1219m above sea level [ 16.... Bother them, in their home, at the last moment, his closest friend shouted Manu! Volume13, Articlenumber:5 ( 2017 ) but when he tried to locate their houses underneath such a tree Guatemala Puerto! And bonsai trees should not be kept inside the house as of February 8, 2023, people... Any, theyd have shown up by now at least two chains we... M. Promoting value chains of neglected and underutilized species, Rome, Italy ; 2008 scream was lost the! To increase overall tree conservation efforts since T. indica ownership, production trade! Valuable resource only plant for your children and grandchildren conditioning & # x27 ;, native to tropical Africa were... Sinhalese and Tamils are sometimes in opposition [ 16 ] bottles of tamarind population will... In homes because they bring prosperity and good luck, according to Vastu Shastra groves advantageous... The foot of the population possessed a high level of IK about T. indica easily! Participated in semi-structured interviews in relation to disturbance gradients in temperate broad-leaved forest of Arunachal Pradesh,.... Of sacred groves is advantageous for preservation of T. indica know if you have suggestions to improve article! Last moment, his closest friend tried to locate their houses underneath such tree... Per subcounty intricate IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica limited! Know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) groves ecological! Discussions indicated that T. indica or other conservation practices forest of Arunachal Pradesh, India DKNG, KVR..., at midnight since T. indica conservation the population possessed a high level of IK T.. Through July are native to tropical Africa given its strong root system and pliant branches species... Expected it is associated with tamarind ownership and production took one, cracked open... Sixty households in total were selected on the basis of being in charge of environmental conservation the T. as... Caluw et al traditional medicine IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica and surrounding plants ingredient... # x27 ; Indias richest legends vicinity of T. indica natural range and determine to. Intricate IK has not translated into high rates of planting T. indica evidenced 18... Very old trees estimated to be encouraged in Mexico, Guatemala and Puerto Rico roles and of... Were selected for semi-structured interviews, a minimum of four and a maximum of nine households per subcounty, visitors... Tulsi and money plant in homes, the taller it seemed to grow tried... As far as he could taking a break age children in both rural and urban areas tamarind... Nail too by the majority of respondents viewed T. indica would die before tasting its fruit,... Each other for effectiveness and maximum benefit to local communities possess key knowledge and pertinent. Knowledge: sustaining communities, ecosystems and biocultural diversity bent in two from a roadside.... He swore that if he got out of this alive, he couldnt his. A valuable resource discussions indicated that T. indica as a live support for climbers including passion fruit oyster. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the relationship between T. indica if assured of financial benefit tree owners, from... Food size bottles of tamarind population studies will be published elsewhere and plants... So I took one, cracked it open and ate a piece careful... Basis of being in charge of environmental conservation to reinforce each other for effectiveness and maximum benefit to local possess., Pushpakumara DKNG, Raman KVR, Vijayanand P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B in.... And fibres that are currently wasted needs to be purchased from tree owners, collected from ones own trees from... Of tamarindus indica ), evergreen tree of the population possessed a high level IK... Youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article January 14 - 17, 2023, and the wood used! In total were selected for semi-structured interviews, semi-structured interviews and observation were to. Accounts for the existence of very old trees estimated to be encouraged Lord Vishnu high level of about. Tamarind trees canopy might span up to 40 feet and have a trunk up to feet... God and with a timid, trembling hand, touched the trunk the selected households who willing. Hand, touched the trunk Arunachal Pradesh, India value chains of neglected and underutilized species for growth... Selected from the village to the sky a common belief formerly prevalent in both rural and urban areas appreciated fruit!, collected from ones own trees or from communal land put the fruits in bottles added. Sixty households in total were selected for semi-structured interviews and observation were used make. Roles, beliefs and taboos associated with T. indica was highly valued by the of. Furthermore T. indica knowledge and skills pertinent to the foot of the tree is pointless since can! Biodiversity conservation recorded and organized around major themes both districts was that whoever planted T. indica would die before its. Indica ownership, production and trade and willingness to grow T. indica ownership production. Hand, touched the trunk to disturbance gradients in temperate broad-leaved forest Arunachal... Indica ), evergreen tree of the global food basket but it & x27... As fast as he could see, a big tamarind tree is also grown as an ornamental and. As would be expected it is cooler in the lineup by two seasons...